Hague rules brought a balance between shipper-carrier agreement. Before these rules the contract of carriage used to be in favour of the party that had the edge in the shipping market.
But there were few weaknesses in the Hague rules. To address these weaknesses, more modernised version of Hague rules were introduced.
These rules were called “Hague Visby rule“.
Hague and Hague Visby rules are often compared. This infographic draws a comparison between these two rules used in contract of carriage.
Conclusion
Even though there have been more moderanised rules for contract of carriage such as Hamburg rules and Rotterdam rules, Hague Visby rules are here to stay.
The Hague rules are slightly in favor of shippers. The Hague Visby rules are considered to have an advantage to the carrier compared to the Hague rules.
The ship owning countries have ratified the Hague-Visby rules. Where as the shipper prominent countries like Malaysia has not ratified the Hague visby rules and are happy with Hague rules.
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About Capt Rajeev Jassal
Capt. Rajeev Jassal has sailed for over 24 years mainly on crude oil, product and chemical tankers. He holds MBA in shipping & Logistics degree from London. He has done extensive research on quantitatively measuring Safety culture onboard and safety climate ashore which he believes is the most important element for safer shipping.
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59 Comments


Sir,under scope of application what is contracting state?please clarify and under same scope for Hague rules can you please elaborate a bit about 3rd point I.e " if it is agreed in the contract of carriage" ?TIA

Very helpful article..Is there an article related to Hamburg rules

Sir pls explain first point ,reg contracting gvmt issuing bill of lading in case of Hague and hauge Visby...tks

What voyages are covered by the Hague-visby Rules?

Nice Blog sir....it will better if you will write a blog in comparing all four hague , hague visby , hamburg and rotterdam rules ....

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HOW I GOT MY HUSBAND BACK WITH THE HELP OF PRIEST OJE CONTACT ON WHATS_APP NUMBER +2348116995299 I have found the joy of my life . Today Monday, 10th April 2023 bear witness.i am Emily Paige and I live in the UK. Few months ago my boyfriend broke up with me and said he was done with me not knowing he had an affair with one of my neighbors next door. I don’t know how to explain .. he never talks to them and he doesn’t even pay much attention to people around while he visits me though.I trusted my boyfriend and thought he could never cheat on me but when the whole thing started; like a dream..damn.. I was crazy. He began to date a lady next door as if we never knew each other I couldn’t just stand it ..I got upset and tried to fight her in so many occasions but my friend told me no..I got be patience and contact Priest Oje that he will help me get back my boyfriend so I had to listen to her and she gave me Priest Oje WhatsAp number +2348116995299 and I contacted him and Priest Oje told me what to do and wait that by full moon my boyfriend will come back to me begging since I did not offend him.so really few days ago my boyfriend came back begging and he has proposed to me today. What a wonderful Priest ; I am grateful to Priest Oje and the seventh spirit God!!CONTACT HIM NOW FOR HELP… Whatsapp: +2348116995299 or Email: supersolutionspell1@gmail.com or go to his BLOG https://supersolutionspell.blogspot.com/

My marriage has been deteriorating for some time so it was bound to unravel. I was his loyal, faithful, supportive and trusting Wife. He had an additional wild side that went out of control. The last incident was when I found out that he was having an affair 2 weeks before our 14th wedding anniversary. Out of the blue my husband just sprung the divorce talk on me. I was so hurt and being an independent woman, I thought I could cope with being single. It was so hard to move on, so I had to reach out for help. Our marriage therapist thought that "something" was not right about my husband. I went online and I found out about Dr Agumba and his good spell work reviews. I ordered a Love spell. 2 days later in the morning around 09:34 AM, I was totally shocked when my Husband called me telling me how much he missed me. His spell worked on me so fast and my husband has been so loving, Natural and I'm having a happy marriage after using his love spell. If you are in a loveless and unhappy marriage that cannot be salvaged, believe me...There is light at the end of this tunnel. Dr Agumba can also cast death spells, resolve court cases, bring your homosexual partner back, and bring back your lesbian partner. You can reach him on his WhatsApp +2349032173881 or email him now on dragumbasolutioncenter@gmail.com

A big thanks from Marie Levi to Baba Eromosele (Babaeromosele12345@gmail.com) for helping me to restore my broken home. Inconsistency has been the order of the day in my home and marriage. My husband has had a hell of a problem and torn on my flesh ever since we started having too many misunderstandings. Some days, he just left and never returned until its past weeks. I was devastated and tried all I could to fix the problems but didn't succeed. I had to search out for help and I was directed by a friend to contact Baba Eromosele which I did. I never knew it would be possible because the problems had lingered for two whole years. Baba Eromosele assured me and only told me to trust him and believe in having my desires granted. He fixed my marriage with his powerful love reunion bond and my home is great again and my husband is with me never to leave anymore. Contact him too and believe he can help you because he has no bad records. Just text him via WhatsApp +2348140876149 or email him via: (Babaeromosele12345@gmail.com)

i want to share to the whole world how Dr masako the Great of all the Spell Caster, that helped me reunite my marriage back, my Ex Husband broke up with me 3months ago, I have been trying to get him back ever since then, i was worried and so confused because i love him so much. I was really going too depressed, he left me with my kids and just ignored me constantly. I have begged him for forgiveness through text messages for him to come back home and the kids crying and miss their dad but he wont reply, I wanted him back desperately. we were in a very good couple and yet he just ignores me and get on with his life just like that, so i was looking for help after reading a post of Dr masako on the internet when i saw a lady name SHARRON testified that Dr masako cast a Pure love spell to stop divorce. and i also met with other, it was about how he brought back her Ex lover in less than 24 hours at the end of her testimony she dropped his email, I contacted Dr masako via email and explained my problem to Dr masako and he told me what went wrong with my husband and how it happen, that he will restored my marriage back, and to my greatest surprise my Ex husband came back to me, and he apologized for his mistake, and for the pain he caused me and my children. Then from that day our marriage is now stronger than how it was before, Dr masako you're a real spell caster, you can also get your Ex back and live with him happily: Contact Email doctormasako@gmail.com or Call/whatsapp +2349047144277 Visit his Website: https://doctormasako2.wixsite.com/drmasakospelltemple

REAL SPELL CASTER (PRIEST OJE) THAT CAN HELP YOU GET YOUR LOVER BACK WHATSAPP : +2348116995299 My name is Matthew Nowlin I am here to make a review about how PRIEST OJE helped me in fixing my marriage and also to those out there seeking for help and advice on how to save your broken marriage or relationship, Few months ago I was having issues with my wife I noticed she has been having an affair with another man in her place of work I confronted her about it when as the mother of my kids and my that that she is but she got angry and say to my face that it’s true, as if that was not enough she went ahead by telling me she don’t love me anymore that she wanted a divorce I was so devastated and confused, I pleaded with her that I don’t want a divorce but she insisted, But before then I heard about PRIEST OJE while browsing on the internet how he use to help people with broken marriages and relationships, I gave it a thought and I decided to contact him, he promise to put a smile on my face again, I followed his instructions and after 28 hours I was so surprised to see my wife kneeling before me and apologizing for what she said about the divorce, this is something I never expected, I thank PRIEST OJE for what he has done for me, Now am living happily with my wife and she has stopped seeing the other man. Please if you are having issues like this I advise you to contact PRIEST OJE he can help you as well. for help WhatsApp +2348116995299 or Emile : supersolutionspell1@gmail.com or go to his BLOG https://supersolutionspell.blogspot.com/ or visit : https://www.facebook.com/Priest-Oje-solution-home-105336898872632/

Hi everyone my name is Nicole Kidman from Las Vegas and I am here to also give gratitude to Dr Isikolo whom God used to savage my situation and restore the joy and happiness in my home. I lost my husband to a lady abroad when he went to work in the same region where she lives. I never knew all that happened till a friend of mine sent me photos of both together and it was known to me after then that it was the reason why my husband grew cold towards me and left me behind. My husband was hypnotized and mind controlled and I knew everything when I contacted Dr Isikolo when I searched for help and found none. He assured me of his return and having our love and happiness restored back which he did and the result started manifesting after 48 hours. Now I have my man back and I can't thank Dr Isikolo enough for his honesty and support. Just text him via WhatsApp +2348133261196 or email him via: isikolosolutionhome@gmail.com or read more about him via his website (https://isikolotemple.com)

PRIEST OJE THE GREAT SPELL CASTER IS REAL. BELIEVE HIM WHATSAPP +2348116995299 My name is Jillian Overton from the United States of America. The Great PRIEST OJE is really powerful and knows how to do his job perfectly. If not for him I could not imagine what would have happened. My husband was always picking up an argument with me and was always beating me. He started acting strange and funny and left me for no reason for another girl. I thought all hope was gone. I searched for help on the internet and I came across PRIEST OJE THE GREAT SPELL CASTER. I saw so many testimonies about him. I was delighted and I contacted him by email and told him what was going on. He laughed and assured me to calm down that he will help me and that my husband will come back begging me. He did his work and cast the spell for me and after 24 hours my husband came apologizing just as he told me. Today we both live together and we are even more in love than how we used to be before he left and now I am so happy to tell anyone having problems in his or her Marriage or relationship too. Contact PRIEST OJE he can help you as well. for help WhatsApp +2348116995299 or Emile : supersolutionspell1@gmail.com or go to his BLOG https://supersolutionspell.blogspot.com/

Hello everyone out here!! My Fiancée Lesbian who left me is back, I want to share my testimony it's my happiness with you all in this site, last year my Lesbian Wife left me for another woman, she abandon me alone and I miss her, since everything was so hard for me because i really love her so much, i didn’t lose hope i try my best to get her back when i was searching online and read testimonies of Dr Kachi how he has been helping ladies in getting there Ex lover back, I had no option than to seek for help, i contacted Dr Kachi explain my problem to him, Dr Kachi Guarantee me not to worry that's going to help me cast a return love spell for me, that will bring my Lesbian Wife back and assure me within 2days, it was just like a magic my wife who left me surely return back, i couldn't believe when she live the other lady and she come back to me with so much love and caring will are together now, I will never forget this help that Dr Kachi did for me, a love spell that brought my wife back. If you are here and you need help to get your Ex Lesbian back do contact Dr Kachi through this email: drkachispellcast@gmail.com I'm proud to be on his testimony page. His Number Text and Call +1 (209) 893-8075 Visit his Website: https://drkachispellcaster.wixsite.com/my-site

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Review and contact the most honest and powerful spell caster called Dr Isikolo via website (https://isikolotemple.com) My name is Marie Bailey and all for good, i am appreciating Dr Isikolo who helped me with his great powers restored my home and the happiness i shared with my husband and its indeed something i am forever grateful for. It happened that i was helpless and downcast for almost a year when my husband left me due to marital issues we encountered. I did all i could to save my marriage and nothing worked until DR ISIKOLO came to my rescue. He helped me and the love and happiness i shared with my man was restored back and more amazingly. I know it sounds weird if truly he can help anyone but he is 100% guaranteed not to disappoint you when he assures you of having the desired results after 48 hours. He can help you too if you are willing to give him the chance to do so. email him now via: isikolosolutionhome@gmail.com or text him on WhatsApp him on +2348133261196

Hi my name is Danielle Gittens and i am here to tell more about Dr Isikolo and his good works. Life bears no meaning when you loose your loved one and battle emotional trauma that becomes unbearable. Thanks to DR ISIKOLO that came to my aid and provided a solution for me when all hope was lost. Before my very eyes, my man left me for a another lady and i tried every means possible to get him back but never succeeded. I had to search for help till i found out about DR Isikolo. He gave me the maximum attention and support i needed and he did his best and got my man back to me and the result manifesting after 48 hours still amazes me. Now our love and happiness has been revived back and to work better for us. Don't panic anymore because DR ISIKOLO can help you too. Just text him via WhatsApp +2348133261196 or email him via: isikolosolutionhome@gmail.com

DR ISIKOLO is none to be compared in regards to having solutions to your relationship or marital problems. My name is Claudia Dirk. I have been battling with depression for a very long time knowing it's as a result of heartbreak when my boyfriend left me for another lady. I never knew he took the decision to be gone from me until months passed and I was unable to reach him. I had to contact DR ISIKOLO when I heard about him. He told me all that was needed to be done to restore the love and connections between me and my man which he did. The result started manifesting after 48 hours as he promised. This may sound weird but it is 100% true that he does not fail anyone. Worry no more and contact him now. email: isikolosolutionhome@gmail.com or text him via WhatsApp +2348133261196 or visit his website to read more about him and his works (https://isikolotemple.com)

My name is Matt. I'm here to say a very big thanks to Priest Salami and his great Oracle for saving my marriage. No one would have believe that I and my wife will ever come back together again as lovers. But this great spell caster reunited us in just 48hours. Priest Salami is truly a real and honest online spell caster. Contact him now on: purenaturalhealer@gmail.com. Whatsapp number: +2348143757229

for the past two months my wife have been disturbing me with divorce for no reason , she keeps talking about divorcing me i thought it was all a joke until recently she served me a divorce papers it was then i cried out to my friend who refers me to Dr Noble that the Dr has solutions to every issues relating to divorce and i quickly contacted him and told him what i was passing through , he told me he needed to consult the oracle to know what's the cause of it which he did and it was revealed that my wife's best friend Anita was responsible as she have been crushing on me for long but i refused to give her attention so she did a spell on my wife to hate me and divorce me so she can have me , i begged Dr noble to help me out and he did helped me by reversing the spell placed on wife by her wicked friend and made to confess and die with the powerful black magic of Dr noble and my wife became normal and she later withdraw the divorce case and now we are happy together in love and harmony . thanks Dr noble. you can contact him today for any help on whatsapp +2348129950262 or email him on noblespellhome at gmail com

REAL SPELL CASTER (PRIEST OJE) THAT CAN HELP YOU GET YOUR LOVER BACK WHATSAPP : +2348116995299 My name is Matthew Nowlin I am here to make a review about how PRIEST OJE helped me in fixing my marriage and also to those out there seeking for help and advice on how to save your broken marriage or relationship, Few months ago I was having issues with my wife I noticed she has been having an affair with another man in her place of work I confronted her about it when as the mother of my kids and my that that she is but she got angry and say to my face that it’s true, as if that was not enough she went ahead by telling me she don’t love me anymore that she wanted a divorce I was so devastated and confused, I pleaded with her that I don’t want a divorce but she insisted, But before then I heard about PRIEST OJE while browsing on the internet how he use to help people with broken marriages and relationships, I gave it a thought and I decided to contact him, he promise to put a smile on my face again, I followed his instructions and after 28 hours I was so surprised to see my wife kneeling before me and apologizing for what she said about the divorce, this is something I never expected, I thank PRIEST OJE for what he has done for me, Now am living happily with my wife and she has stopped seeing the other man. Please if you are having issues like this I advise you to contact PRIEST OJE he can help you as well. for help WhatsApp +2348116995299 or Emile : supersolutionspell1@gmail.com or go to his BLOG https://supersolutionspell.blogspot.com/ or visit : https://www.facebook.com/Priest-Oje-solution-home-105336898872632/

Hi everyone, my name is Danielle Gittens and i am here to tell more about Dr Isikolo and his good works. Life bears no meaning when you loose your loved one and battle emotional trauma that becomes unbearable. Thanks to DR ISIKOLO that came to my aid and provided a solution for me when all hope was lost. Before my very eyes, my man left me for a another lady and i tried every means possible to get him back but never succeeded. I had to search for help till i found out about DR Isikolo. He gave me the maximum attention and support i needed and he did his best and got my man back to me and the result manifesting after 48 hours still amazes me. Now our love and happiness has been revived back and to work better for us. Don't panic anymore because DR ISIKOLO can help you too. Just text him via WhatsApp: +2348133261196 or email him via: isikolosolutionhome@gmail.com

Hello my name is Vivian Marcus from the United State, i'm so exciting writing this article to let people seek for help in any Break up Marriage and Relationship, Dr Kachi brought my Ex Boyfriend back to me, Thank you Sir Kachi for helped so many Relationship situation like mine to be restored, i was in pain until the day my aunt introduce me to Dr Kachi that she got her husband back with powerful love spell with help of Dr Kachi So i sent him an email telling him about my problem how my Boyfriend left me and cheating on me because of her boss lady at work i cry all day and night, but Dr Kachi told me my Boyfriend shall return back to me within 24hrs and to me everything he asked me to do the next day it was all like a dream when he text me and said please forgive me and accept me back exactly what i wanted, i am so happy now as we are back together again. because I never thought my Ex Boyfriend would be back to me so quickly with your spell. You are the best and the world greatest Dr Kachi. if you're having broke up Ex Lover or your husband left you and moved to another woman, You do want to get Pregnant do not feel sad anymore contact: drkachispellcast@gmail.com his Text Number Call: +1 (209) 893-8075 You can reach him Website: https://drkachispellcaster.wixsite.com/my-site

My name is Giovanni Jahem. I have gone through rough times with different men finding true love and genuine acceptance until I met my husband who came into my life and loved me beyond words can explain. We lived together for 2 years and we were happy until too many arguments came up and we split our ways. I thought I could move on but I realized i was deeply in love with him and needed forever with him. I had no option than to seek help which led me to contacting Dr Isikolo knowing how he has been able to help others. He gave me his attention and did his best to reconcile us back together and in 48 hours, the result manifested and he came back to me and we made things up again. Now the love and happiness has been restored back and all I can say is that I truly appreciate Dr Isikolo for being selfless in helping me and others. His email contact: isikolosolutionhome@gmail.com You can also WhatsApp him on +2348133261196
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hague visby is applicable for tankers also??
Hague as well as Hague visby rules are applicable to bill of ladings and not to a particular vessel type. But as at the time of Hague rules, container cargo was rare, it had not taken into account bill of ladings covering container cargoes. Hague Visby rules incorporated this shortcoming in Hague rules.
Hi everyone, I was sad for so long when my husband left me. I searched for a lot of psychics who would help me but they all turned me down because I didn’t have enough Dr Raypower had compassion and helped me and I am happy again as my husband is back home, cause this man has put in everything he had to help me and I will forever be grateful. I will encourage and recommend anyone to contact this psychic. He does all kinds of spells aside from love spells. You can reach out to him via WhatsApp +27634918117 or email: urgentspellcast@gmail.com visit his website: http://urgentspellcast.wordpress.com
HOW I GOT MY HUSBAND BACK WITH THE HELP OF PRIEST WISDOM CONTACT ON WHATS_APP NUMBER +2348124644470 This is my testimony about the good work of priest wisdom who helped me ... I'm Ann Earnis from North Carolina USA. And am sorry for putting this on net but i will have to, by this world best spell caster that brought back my husband who left me out for past 3 years, i eventually met this man on a blog site posting by one of is client for help, i explained everything to him and he told me about a spell caster that he had heard about and he gave me an email address to write to the spell caster to tell him my problems. In just 1 days, my husband was back to me. I just want to say thank you to this truthful and sincere spell caster, sir all you told me have come to pass and thank you sir. Please I want to tell everyone who is looking for any solution to their problem, I advise you to kindly consult this spell caster, he is real,he is powerful and whatever the spell caster tells is what will happen, because all what the spell caster told me came to pass. You can kindly contact him on: his email address is Supernaturalspell@yahoo.com or directly on whats-app +2348124644470 https://supernaturalspell21.blogspot.com/ facebook page: https://web.facebook.com/PRIESTWISDOM11